- International relations and cooperation, geopolitical processes and new key agents and actors (countries, integration associations, transnational corporations, electronic governments, etc.); new players in international business and new coalitions - a change in the economic balance, space as a global environment and the common heritage of mankind; international cooperation in space exploration; international security, national threats in the context of global problems, regional conflicts, wars, armed forces and weapons;

- World civilizations and world culture, economic and social aspects of human development, migration, ethnography, demography; inequality and social gap on a global scale, issues of pandemics in the context of globalization and an increase in the number of inhabitants of the Earth.

- World order: unipolar, multipolar or multipolar. Evaluation of a multipolar world: "islands", federations of states or confederations. Will the waves of Industry 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, etc. to the creation of a planetary super-civilization in the 21st century?